Miranda Christ
Photo by my multitalented friend Anna Lu

Miranda Christ

I am a final-year computer science PhD student at Columbia University, where I am a member of the Theory Group and the Crypto Lab. I am fortunate to be co-advised by Tal Malkin and Mihalis Yannakakis. I'm interested in practically motivated theoretical problems in cryptography.

Recently I've been especially interested in the intersection of cryptography and machine learning, and have worked on watermarks for AI-generated content.

You can also find my papers on my dblp and Google Scholar pages.

Email: mchrist at cs dot columbia dot edu

Publications

Authors are listed in alphabetical order unless it's otherwise noted.

Protocols for Verifying Smooth Strategies in Bandits and Games
Miranda Christ, Daniel Reichman, Jonathan Shafer
NeurIPS 2025
How Much Public Randomness Do Modern Consensus Protocols Need?
Joseph Bonneau, Benedikt Bünz, Miranda Christ, Yuval Efron
AFT 2025
Merkle Mountain Ranges Are Optimal: On Witness Update Frequency for Cryptographic Accumulators
Joseph Bonneau, Jessica Chen, Miranda Christ, Ioanna Karantaidou
CRYPTO 2025
Ideal Pseudorandom Codes
Omar Alrabiah, Prabhanjan Ananth, Miranda Christ, Yevgeniy Dodis, Sam Gunn
STOC 2025; invited to the SICOMP Special Issue
SoK: Watermarking for AI-Generated Content
Xuandong Zhao, Sam Gunn, Miranda Christ, Jaiden Fairoze, Andrés Fabrega, Nicholas Carlini, Sanjam Garg, Sanghyun Hong, Milad Nasr, Florian Tramer, Somesh Jha, Lei Li, Yu-Xiang Wang, Dawn Song (non-alphabetical)
IEEE S&P 2025
Good Things Come to Those Who Wait: Dishonest-Majority Coin-Flipping Requires Delay Functions
Joseph Bonneau, Benedikt Bünz, Miranda Christ, Yuval Efron
EUROCRYPT 2025, SBC 2025
Pseudorandom Error-Correcting Codes
Miranda Christ, Sam Gunn
CRYPTO 2024
Cornucopia: Distributed Randomness Beacons at Scale
Miranda Christ, Kevin Choi, Joseph Bonneau (non-alphabetical)
AFT 2024
Accountable Secret Leader Election
Miranda Christ, Kevin Choi, Walter McKelvie, Joseph Bonneau, Tal Malkin (non-alphabetical)
AFT 2024
SoK: Zero-Knowledge Range Proofs
Miranda Christ, Foteini Baldimtsi, Konstantinos Chalkias, Deepak Maram, Arnab Roy, Joy Wang (non-alphabetical)
AFT 2024
Undetectable Watermarks for Language Models
Miranda Christ, Sam Gunn, Or Zamir
RWC 2024, COLT 2024
Limits on Revocable Proof Systems, with Applications to Stateless Blockchains
Miranda Christ, Joseph Bonneau (non-alphabetical)
Financial Cryptography 2023
The Smoothed Complexity of Policy Iteration for Markov Decision Processes
Miranda Christ, Mihalis Yannakakis
STOC 2023
Differential Privacy and Swapping: Examining De-Identification's Impact on Minority Representation and Privacy Preservation in the U.S. Census
Miranda Christ*, Sarah Radway*, Steven M. Bellovin (* denotes equal contribution; non-alphabetical)
IEEE S&P 2022
Poly Onions: Achieving Anonymity in the Presence of Churn
Megumi Ando, Miranda Christ, Anna Lysyanskaya, Tal Malkin
TCC 2022

Manuscripts

Full Anonymity in the Asynchronous Setting from Peony Onion Encryption
Megumi Ando, Miranda Christ, Kashvi Gupta, Tal Malkin, Dane Smith
Provably Robust Watermarks for Open-Source Language Models
Miranda Christ, Sam Gunn, Tal Malkin, Mariana Raykova

Experience

Visiting Student
Simons Institute, Cryptography: 10 Years Later | Summer 2025
Student Researcher
Google, supervised by Mariana Raykova and Jonathan Katz | Spring and Summer 2024, Spring - Fall 2025
Research Intern
Google, supervised by Mariana Raykova and Jonathan Katz | Fall 2024
Visiting Student
CIFRA Institute, Bocconi University, hosted by Alon Rosen | September 2024
Intern, Cryptography Group
Mysten Labs | Summer 2023
Visiting Student
Simons Institute, Meta-Complexity Program | Spring 2023
Intern
a16z crypto research | Summer and Fall 2022

Workshop Papers and Posters

The Impact of De-Identification on Single-Year-of-Age Counts in the U.S. Census
Sarah Radway, Miranda Christ (non-alphabetical)
TPDP 2023
Differential Privacy and Swapping: Examining De-Identification's Impact on Minority Representation and Privacy Preservation in the U.S. Census
Miranda Christ*, Sarah Radway*, Steven M. Bellovin (* denotes equal contribution; non-alphabetical)
TPDP 2022
Counting Kindergarteners: De-identification's Impact on Student Representation
Miranda Christ, Sarah Radway
2020 Census Data Products: Workshop on the Demographic and Housing Characteristics Files 2022 (hosted by the National Academies and Committee on National Statistics)

Blog Posts

Miranda Christ, Joseph Bonneau
a16z crypto blog 2023
Miranda Christ, Foteini Baldimtsi, Konstantinos Chalkias, Deepak Maram, Arnab Roy, Joy Wang
Mysten Labs blog 2023
Miranda Christ, Valeria Nikolaenko, Joseph Bonneau
a16z crypto blog 2022