1 The capital of Austria , Vienna is famous for its music and architecture .
1 German Wien  , Czech Viden  , Hungarian Becs city and Bundesland ( federal state ) , the capital of Austria .

2 The city lies in the northeastern corner of Austria , along the Danube River .
28 Vienna lies in the northeastern corner of Austria , between the foothills of the Alps and the Carpathians , where the Danube ( German: Donau ) , Europe's second longest river , has cut its course through the mountains .

2 The city lies in the northeastern corner of Austria , along the Danube River .
29 The city is situated alongside the river , most of it on the right bank .

3 The Innere Stadt ( Inner City ) is an area in the center of the city that contains most of Vienna's famous buildings .
48 At the core is district I , the Innere Stadt , which contains most of the city's famous structures .

4 Surrounding this area is a circular road called the Ringstrasse .
49 Surrounding the heart of the city is the Ringstrasse , or Ring , a circular road lined with grand buildings , monuments , and parks .

5 This road is lined with grand buildings , monuments , and parks .
49 Surrounding the heart of the city is the Ringstrasse , or Ring , a circular road lined with grand buildings , monuments , and parks .

9 This 13th-century Gothic-style church has a beautiful spire ( steeple ) that can be seen from all over the city .
12 The skyline is still dominated by the spire of St . Stephen's Cathedral and by the giant Ferris wheel in the city's chief park , the Prater .

11 Another notable site in Vienna is the Hofburg , which is a large complex of buildings .
70 It consists of a number of buildings , of various periods and styles , enclosing several courtyards; the oldest part dates from the 13th century and the latest from the end of the 19th .

13 It is also the home of the Imperial Treasury , where crowns and jewels of the former empire are on display .
72 It houses the imperial treasury of the Holy Roman and Austrian empires , the Austrian National Library , the Albertina and several other museums , and the Spanish Riding School .

14 In addition , it houses the Spanish Riding School , which features the famous Lipizzaner stallions ( horses) .
72 It houses the imperial treasury of the Holy Roman and Austrian empires , the Austrian National Library , the Albertina and several other museums , and the Spanish Riding School .

15 The offices of Austria's president are there as well .
73 The state apartments in one wing of the Hofburg serve as the offices of Austria's president .

16 Many beautiful buildings can be seen along Vienna's Ringstrasse , or circular road .
49 Surrounding the heart of the city is the Ringstrasse , or Ring , a circular road lined with grand buildings , monuments , and parks .

19 The Schonbrunn Palace , the summer residence of the Hapsburgs , with its splendid rooms and great formal park , lies to the southwest in the suburb of Hietzing .
86 The Schonbrunn Palace , the summer residence of the Habsburgs , with its splendid rooms decorated in Rococo style and its great formal park , lies to the southwest in the suburb of Hietzing .

20 The Viennese are descended from different peoples , including the Polish , Germans , Hungarians , and Bohemians .
110 As the names in Vienna's telephone directory indicate , the ancestors of one Viennese in three have come from Bohemia , one in five from Hungary , one in seven from Poland , and one in eight from the Balkan Peninsula .

22 Most of the city's population is Roman Catholic .
120 Two-thirds of the city's population are Roman Catholic and only a very small percentage Protestant .

23 Vienna is the cultural center of Austria and one of the world capitals of music .
170 Vienna is the undisputed cultural centre of Austria and one of the world capitals of music .

24 Operas , concerts , and theatrical performances have played a major part in Viennese life for centuries .
172 Operas , concerts , and theatrical performances have played a major part in Viennese life for centuries , and many world-famous composers lived and worked in the city .

25 The city is well-known for music in part because of the many famous composers who lived and worked there .
172 Operas , concerts , and theatrical performances have played a major part in Viennese life for centuries , and many world-famous composers lived and worked in the city .

26 Beethoven , Mozart , Joseph Haydn , and Franz Schubert were famous residents of Vienna whose former homes have been made into museums .
187 The houses in which Haydn , Mozart , Beethoven , Schubert , and Johann Strauss lived and worked are open to the public .

28 The Viennese economy is based on trade and industry .
127 Although commerce and industry form the base of Vienna's economy , government and public administration on all levels is also a major employer in the Austrian capital .

29 The government employs many people in the Austrian capital .
127 Although commerce and industry form the base of Vienna's economy , government and public administration on all levels is also a major employer in the Austrian capital .

30 Tourism is also an important part of the economy .
129 Tourism is also an important economic activity with some two million travelers visiting the city annually .

31 The leading industries include the manufacture of transport equipment , electrical machinery , chemicals , and electrical goods .
133 Leading industries include the manufacture of machinery ( primarily electrical machinery and transportation equipment ) , electrical products , chemicals , and metal products .

33 Celtic peoples first settled in the region in about the 8th century BC .
199 The area was subsequently inhabited by the Illyrians and then the Celts .

34 In the 1st century AD the site became a Roman military post named Vindobona .
200 In 16-15 BC the Romans , under the future emperor Tiberius , occupied the foothills of the Alps , and in the next century the Celtic town of Vindobona ( Celtic: "White Field"; later to become Vienna ) became a strategic Roman garrison town .

35 Most of the city was destroyed in the invasions that brought an end to the western Roman Empire in the 5th century .
204 The Romans were swept away in the turmoil of the 5th-century invasions , but enough of Vindobona remained to serve as the nucleus of the medieval city .

36 However , a small town survived .
204 The Romans were swept away in the turmoil of the 5th-century invasions , but enough of Vindobona remained to serve as the nucleus of the medieval city .

37 The city's name was recorded in documents dating from 881 as Wenia and from 1030 as Wienis .
206 The city's name was recorded in 881 as Wenia and in 1030 as Wienis .

38 In about 1150 the dukes of Babenberg , a Frankish ruling family , made Vienna their capital .
207 The dukes of Babenberg , a Frankish dynasty , were overlords of Vienna from 1156 to 1246 .

40 As the Hapsburg capital the city grew in importance .
215 The capital city flourished , trading with Trieste , Venice , and Hungary; nevertheless , economic decline attended the numerous disputes over inheritance within the Habsburg family .

42 The Ottoman Turks attacked the city in 1529 and again in 1683 .
222 Turkish forces besieged Vienna in 1529 but were successfully beaten off .

42 The Ottoman Turks attacked the city in 1529 and again in 1683 .
230 Then , during the summer of 1683 , Vienna suffered a second Turkish siege , this one led by the grand vizier Kara Mustafa .

45 As the city and its population continued to grow in the 19th century efforts were made to modernize the city .
264 Vienna's economy grew rapidly , and with it the city's population .

46 The city improved the drinking-water supply and introduced trams and railways .
262 The drinking-water supply was improved with springwater; the Danube was regulated; and , later , gas and electric works were built .

47 After World War I ( 1914-18 ) , the Hapsburg empire came to an end .
283 The Habsburg monarchy fell , and a German-Austrian republic was proclaimed in November 1918 .

49 In the 1930s , Vienna had to deal with economic crises and fighting among Austrians .
288 Economically and politically the young republic was on shaky ground .

50 This instability made it easier for German troops to take over Austria in 1938 .
293 On March 12 , 1938 , the German army occupied Austria .

52 After the war ended in 1945 , Vienna was occupied by the four Allied powers: Great Britain , France , the United States , and the Soviet Union .
297 In September the city , like the country as a whole , was divided into four zones of occupation by the Allied powers .

53 This occupation came to an end in 1955 .
301 The Austrian State Treaty was signed in the Belvedere on May 15 , 1955 , leading to independence and the withdrawal of all Allied occupation troops .

55 Along with New York City and Geneva , Switzerland , Vienna is a headquarters of the United Nations ( UN) .
306 With the rise of the UNO-City , Vienna has become competitive with New York City and Geneva as a seat of world organizations .