Network Working Group R. Sparks, Ed. Internet-Draft Estacado Systems Expires: April 26, 2006 A. Hawrylyshen Ditech Communications Corp. A. Johnston Tello Corporation J. Rosenberg Cisco Systems H. Schulzrinne Columbia University October 23, 2005 Session Initiation Protocol Torture Test Messages draft-ietf-sipping-torture-tests-08 Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on April 26, 2006. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005). Abstract This informational document gives examples of Session Initiation Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 1] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Protocol (SIP) test messages designed to exercise and "torture" a SIP implementation. Table of Contents 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1. Representing Long Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2. Representing Non-printable Characters . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3. Representing Long Repeating Strings . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. SIP Test Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1. Parser tests (syntax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1.1. Valid messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1.1.1. A short tortuous INVITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1.1.2. Wide range of valid characters . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.1.1.3. Valid use of the % escaping mechanism . . . . . . 9 3.1.1.4. Escaped nulls in URIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1.1.5. Use of % when it is not an escape . . . . . . . . 11 3.1.1.6. Message with no LWS between display name and < . . 11 3.1.1.7. Long values in header fields . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1.1.8. Extra trailing octets in a UDP datagram . . . . . 14 3.1.1.9. Semicolon separated parameters in URI user part . 15 3.1.1.10. Varied and unknown transport types . . . . . . . . 15 3.1.1.11. Multipart MIME message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3.1.1.12. Unusual reason phrase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.1.1.13. Empty reason phrase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1.2. Invalid messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.1.2.1. Extraneous header field separators . . . . . . . . 19 3.1.2.2. Content length larger than message . . . . . . . . 19 3.1.2.3. Negative Content-Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.1.2.4. Request scalar fields with overlarge values . . . 21 3.1.2.5. Response scalar fields with overlarge values . . . 22 3.1.2.6. Unterminated quoted string in display-name . . . . 22 3.1.2.7. <> enclosing Request-URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.1.2.8. Malformed SIP Request-URI (embedded LWS) . . . . . 24 3.1.2.9. Multiple SP separating Request-Line elements . . . 25 3.1.2.10. SP characters at end of Request-Line . . . . . . . 26 3.1.2.11. Escaped headers in SIP Request-URI . . . . . . . . 27 3.1.2.12. Invalid timezone in Date header field . . . . . . 27 3.1.2.13. Failure to enclose name-addr URI in <> . . . . . . 28 3.1.2.14. Spaces within addr-spec . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.1.2.15. Non-token characters in display-name . . . . . . . 29 3.1.2.16. Unknown protocol version . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.1.2.17. Start line and CSeq method mismatch . . . . . . . 30 3.1.2.18. Unknown Method with CSeq method mismatch . . . . . 30 3.1.2.19. Overlarge response code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.2. Transaction layer semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 2] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.2.1. Missing transaction identifier . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.3. Application layer semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.3.1. Missing Required Header Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.3.2. Request-URI with unknown scheme . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.3.3. Request-URI with known but atypical scheme . . . . . . 33 3.3.4. Unknown URI schemes in header fields . . . . . . . . . 34 3.3.5. Proxy-Require and Require . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.3.6. Unknown Content-Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.3.7. Unknown authorization scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.3.8. Multiple values in single value required fields . . . 36 3.3.9. Multiple Content-Length values . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.10. 200 OK Response with broadcast Via header field value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.11. Max-Forwards of zero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3.3.12. REGISTER with a contact header parameter . . . . . . . 38 3.3.13. REGISTER with a url parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3.14. REGISTER with a url escaped header . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3.15. Unacceptable Accept offering . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.4. Backward compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.4.1. INVITE with RFC2543 syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 6. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 7. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Appendix A. Bit-exact archive of each test message . . . . . . . 43 A.1. Encoded Reference Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 50 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 3] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 1. Overview This document is informational, and is NOT NORMATIVE on any aspect of SIP. This document contains test messages based on the current version (2.0) of the Session Initiation Protocol as defined in [RFC3261]. Some messages exercise SIP's use of SDP as described in [RFC3264]. These messages were developed and refined at the SIPIt interoperability test events. The test messages are organized into several sections. Some stress only a SIP parser and others stress both the parser and the application above it. Some messages are valid, and some are not. Each example clearly calls out what makes any invalid messages incorrect. This document does not attempt to catalog every way to make an invalid message, nor does it attempt to be comprehensive in exploring unusual, but valid, messages. Instead, it tries to focus on areas that have caused interoperability problems or have particularly unfavorable characteristics if they are handled improperly. This document is a seed for a test plan, not a test plan in itself. The messages are presented in the text using a set of markup conventions to avoid ambiguity and meet Internet-Draft layout requirements. To resolve any remaining ambiguity, a bit-accurate version of each message is encapsulated in an appendix. 2. Document Conventions This document contains many example SIP messages. Although SIP is a text-based protocol, many of these examples cannot be unambiguously rendered without additional markup due to the constraints placed on the formatting of RFCs. This document defines and uses the markup defined in this section to remove that ambiguity. This markup uses the start and end tag conventions of XML, but does not define any XML document type. The appendix contains an encoded binary form of all the messages and the algorithm needed to decode them into files. 2.1. Representing Long Lines Several of these examples contain unfolded lines longer than 72 characters. These are captured between tags. The Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 4] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 single unfolded line is reconstructed by directly concatenating all lines appearing between the tags (discarding any line-feeds or carriage returns). There will be no whitespace at the end of lines. Any whitespace appearing at a fold-point will appear at the beginning of a line. The following represent the same string of bits: Header-name: first value, reallylongsecondvalue, third value Header-name: first value, reallylongsecondvalue , third value Header-name: first value, reallylong second value, third value Note that this is NOT SIP header line folding where different strings of bits have equivalent meaning. 2.2. Representing Non-printable Characters Several examples contain binary message bodies or header field values containing non-ascii range UTF-8 encoded characters. These are rendered here as a pair of hexadecimal digits per octet between tags. This rendering applies even inside quoted-strings. The following represent the same string of bits: Header-name: value one Header-name: value206F6Ee The following is a Subject header field containing the euro symbol: Subject: E282AC Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 5] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 2.3. Representing Long Repeating Strings Several examples contain very large data values created with repeating bit strings. Those will be rendered here using value. As with this rendering applies even inside quoted-strings. For example, the value "abcabcabc" can be rendered as abc. A display name of "1000000 bottles of beer" could be rendered as To: "130 bottles of beer" and a Max-Forwards header field with a value of one google will be rendered here as Max-Forwards: 10 3. SIP Test Messages 3.1. Parser tests (syntax) 3.1.1. Valid messages 3.1.1.1. A short tortuous INVITE This short, relatively human-readable message contains: o line folding all over o escaped characters within quotes o an empty subject o LWS between colons, semicolons, header field values, and other fields o both comma separated and separate listing of header field values o mix of short and long form for the same header field name o unkown Request-URI parameter o unknown header fields o unknown header field with a value that would be syntactically invalid if it were defined in terms of generic-param o unusual header field ordering o unusual header field name character case o unknown parameters of a known header field o uri parameter with no value o header parameter with no value o integer fields (Max-Forwards and CSeq) with leading zeros All elements should treat this as a well-formed request. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 6] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 The UnknownHeaderWithUnusualValue header field deserves special attention. If this header field were defined in terms of comma separated values with semicolon separated parameters (as many of the existing defined header fields), this would be invalid. However, since the receiving element does not know the definition of the syntax for this field, it must parse it as a header-value. Proxies would forward this header field unchanged. Endpoints would ignore the header field. Message Details : wsinv INVITE sip:vivekg@chair-dnrc.example.com;unknownparam SIP/2.0 TO : sip:vivekg@chair-dnrc.example.com ; tag = 1918181833n from : "J Rosenberg \\\"" ; tag = 98asjd8 MaX-fOrWaRdS: 0068 Call-ID: wsinv.ndaksdj@192.0.2.1 Content-Length : 150 cseq: 0009 INVITE Via : SIP / 2.0 /UDP 192.0.2.2;branch=390skdjuw s : NewFangledHeader: newfangled value continued newfangled value UnknownHeaderWithUnusualValue: ;;,,;;,; Content-Type: application/sdp Route: v: SIP / 2.0 / TCP spindle.example.com ; branch = z9hG4bK9ikj8 , SIP / 2.0 / UDP 192.168.255.111 ; branch= z9hG4bK30239 m:"Quoted string \"\"" ; newparam = newvalue ; secondparam ; q = 0.33 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.3 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.4 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 7] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.2. Wide range of valid characters This message exercises a wider range of characters in several key syntactic elements than implementations usually see. Of particular note: o The Method contains non-alpha characters from token. Note that % is not an escape character for this field. A method of IN%56ITE is an unknown method. It is not the same as a method of INVITE o The Request-URI contain unusual, but legal, characters o A branch parameter contains all non-alphanum characters from token o The To header field value's quoted-string contains quoted-pair expansions, including a quoted NULL character o The name part of name-addr in the From header field value contains multiple tokens (instead of a quoted string) with all non-alphanum characters from the token production rule. That value also has an unknown header parameter whose name contains the non-alphanum token characters and whose value is a non-ascii range UTF-8 encoded string. The tag parameter on this value contains the non- alphanum token characters o The Call-ID header field value contains the non-alphanum characters from word. Notice that in this production: * % is not an escape character. (It is only an escape character in productions matching the rule "escaped") * " does not start a quoted-string. None of ',` or " imply that there will be a matching symbol later in the string * The characters []{}()<> do not have any grouping semantics. They are not required to appear in balanced pairs o There is an unknown header field (matching extension-header) with non-alphanum token characters in its name and a UTF8-NONASCII value If this unusual URI has been defined at a proxy, the proxy will forward this request normally. Otherwise a proxy will generate a 404. Endpoints will generate a 501 listing the methods they understand in an Allow header field. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 8] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : intmeth !interesting-Method0123456789_*+`.%indeed'~ sip:1_unusual.URI~(to-be!sure)&isn't+it$/crazy?,/;;* :&it+has=1,weird!*pas$wo~d_too.(doesn't-it) @example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host1.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK-.!%66*_+`'~ To: "BEL:\07 NUL:\00 DEL:\7F" From: token1~` token2'+_ token3*%!.- ;fromParam''~+*_!.-%= "D180D0B0D0B1D0BED182D0B0D18ED189D0B8D0B9" ;tag=_token~1'+`*%!-. Call-ID: intmeth.word%ZK-!.*_+'@word`~)(><:\/"][?}{ CSeq: 139122385 !interesting-Method0123456789_*+`.%indeed'~ Max-Forwards: 255 extensionHeader-!.%*+_`'~: EFBBBFE5A4A7E5819CE99BBB Content-Length: 0 3.1.1.3. Valid use of the % escaping mechanism This INVITE exercises the % HEX HEX escaping mechanism in several places. The request is syntactically valid. Interesting features include: o The request-URI has sips:user@example.com embedded in its userpart. What that might mean to example.net is beyond the scope of this document. o The From and To URIs have escaped characters in their userparts. o The Contact URI has escaped characters in the URI parameters. Note that the "name" uri-parameter has a value of "value%41" which is NOT equivalent to "valueA". Per [RFC2396], unescaping URI components is never performed recursively. A parser must accept this as a well-formed message. The application using the message must treat the % HEX HEX expansions as equivalent to the character being encoded. The application must not try to interpret % as an escape character in those places where % HEX HEX Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 9] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 ("escaped" in the grammar) is not a valid part of the construction. In [RFC3261], "escaped" only occurs in the expansions of SIP-URI, SIPS-URI, and Reason-Phrase. Message Details : esc01 INVITE sip:sips%3Auser%40example.com@example.net SIP/2.0 To: sip:%75se%72@example.com From: ;tag=938 Max-Forwards: 87 i: esc01.239409asdfakjkn23onasd0-3234 CSeq: 234234 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host5.example.net;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw C: application/sdp Contact: Content-Length: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.1.4. Escaped nulls in URIs This register request contains several URIs with nulls in the userpart. The message is well formed - parsers must accept this message. Implementations must take special care when unescaping the Address-of-Record (AOR) in this request to not prematurely shorten the username. This request registers two distinct contact URIs. Message Details : escnull REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:null-%00-null@example.com From: sip:null-%00-null@example.com;tag=839923423 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: escnull.39203ndfvkjdasfkq3w4otrq0adsfdfnavd CSeq: 14398234 REGISTER Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host5.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Contact: Contact: L:0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 10] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.5. Use of % when it is not an escape Most of the places % can appear in a SIP message, it is not an escape character. This can surprise the unwary implementor. The following well-formed request has these properties: o The request method is unknown. It is NOT equivalent to REGISTER o The display-name portion of the To and From header fields is "%Z%45". Note that this is not the same as %ZE o This message has two Contact header field values, not three. is a C%6Fntact header field value A parser should accept this message as well formed. A proxy would forward or reject the message depending on what the Request-URI meant to it. An endpoint would reject this message with a 501. Message Details : esc02 RE%47IST%45R sip:registrar.example.com SIP/2.0 To: "%Z%45" From: "%Z%45" ;tag=f232jadfj23 Call-ID: esc02.asdfnqwo34rq23i34jrjasdcnl23nrlknsdf Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK209%fzsnel234 CSeq: 29344 RE%47IST%45R Max-Forwards: 70 Contact: C%6Fntact: Contact: l: 0 3.1.1.6. Message with no LWS between display name and < This OPTIONS request is not valid per the grammar in RFC 3261 since there is no LWS between the quoted string in the display name and < in the From header field value. This has been identified as a specification bug that will be removed when RFC 3261 is revised. Elements should accept this request as well formed. Message Details : lwsdisp OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: "caller";tag=323 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: lwsdisp.1234abcd@funky.example.com CSeq: 60 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/UDP funky.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw l: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 11] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.7. Long values in header fields This well-formed request contains header fields with many values and values that are very long. Features include: o The To header field has a long display name, and long uri parameter names and values o The From header field has long header parameter names and values, in particular a very long tag o The Call-ID is one long token Message Details : longreq INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: "I have a user name of extreme proportion" longvalue; longparamname=shortvalue; verylongParameterNameWithNoValue> F: sip: amazinglylongcallername@example.net ;tag=12982424 ;unknownheaderparamname= unknowheaderparamvalue ;unknownValuelessparamname Call-ID: longreq.onereallylongcallid CSeq: 3882340 INVITE Unknown-Long-Name: unknown-long-value; unknown-long-parameter-name = unknown-long-parameter-value Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip33.example.com v: SIP/2.0/TCP sip32.example.com V: SIP/2.0/TCP sip31.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip30.example.com ViA: SIP/2.0/TCP sip29.example.com VIa: SIP/2.0/TCP sip28.example.com VIA: SIP/2.0/TCP sip27.example.com via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip26.example.com viA: SIP/2.0/TCP sip25.example.com vIa: SIP/2.0/TCP sip24.example.com vIA: SIP/2.0/TCP sip23.example.com Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 12] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 V : SIP/2.0/TCP sip22.example.com v : SIP/2.0/TCP sip21.example.com V : SIP/2.0/TCP sip20.example.com v : SIP/2.0/TCP sip19.example.com Via : SIP/2.0/TCP sip18.example.com Via : SIP/2.0/TCP sip17.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip16.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip15.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip14.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip13.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip12.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip11.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip10.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip9.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip8.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip7.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip6.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip5.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip4.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip3.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip2.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP sip1.example.com Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host.example.com;received=192.0.2.5; branch=verylongbranchvalue Max-Forwards: 70 Contact: amazinglylongcallername @host5.example.net> Content-Type: application/sdp l: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 13] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.8. Extra trailing octets in a UDP datagram This message contains a single SIP REGISTER request, which ostensibly arrived over UDP in a single datagram. The packet contains extra octets after the body (which in this case has zero length). The extra octets happen to look like a SIP INVITE request, but (per section 18.3 of [RFC3261]) they are just spurious noise that must be ignored. A SIP element receiving this datagram would handle the REGISTER request normally and ignore the extra bits that look like an INVITE request. If the element is a proxy choosing to forward the REGISTER, the INVITE octets would not appear in the forwarded request. Message Details : dblreq REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:j.user@example.com;tag=43251j3j324 Max-Forwards: 8 I: dblreq.0ha0isndaksdj99sdfafnl3lk233412 Contact: sip:j.user@host.example.com CSeq: 8 REGISTER Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.125;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw23492 Content-Length: 0 INVITE sip:joe@example.com SIP/2.0 t: sip:joe@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=141334 Max-Forwards: 8 Call-ID: dblreq.0ha0isnda977644900765@192.0.2.15 CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.15;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw380234 Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.15 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.15 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m =video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 14] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.9. Semicolon separated parameters in URI user part This request has a semicolon-separated parameter contained in the "user" part of the Request-URI (whose value contains an escaped @ symbol). Receiving elements will accept this as a well formed message. The Request-URI will parse such that the user part is "user;par=u@example.net". Message Details : semiuri OPTIONS sip:user;par=u%40example.net@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j_user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.org;tag=33242 Max-Forwards: 3 Call-ID: semiuri.0ha0isndaksdj CSeq: 8 OPTIONS Accept: application/sdp, application/pkcs7-mime, multipart/mixed, multipart/signed, message/sip, message/sipfrag Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.1;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw l: 0 3.1.1.10. Varied and unknown transport types This request contains Via header field values with all known transport types and exercises the transport extension mechanism. Parsers must accept this message as well formed. Elements receiving this message would process it exactly as if the 2nd and subsequent header field values specified UDP (or other transport). Message Details : transports OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: ;tag=323 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: transports.kijh4akdnaqjkwendsasfdj Accept: application/sdp CSeq: 60 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/UDP t1.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Via: SIP/2.0/SCTP t2.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKklasjdhf Via: SIP/2.0/TLS t3.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK2980unddj Via: SIP/2.0/UNKNOWN t4.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKasd0f3en Via: SIP/2.0/TCP t5.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK0a9idfnee l: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 15] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.1.11. Multipart MIME message This MESSAGE request contains two body parts. The second part is binary encoded and contains null (0x00) characters. Receivers must take care to properly frame the received message. Parsers must accept this message as well formed, even if the application above the parser does not support multipart/signed. Additional examples of multipart/mime messages, in particular S/MIME messages, are available in the security call flow examples draft [I-D.jennings-sip-sec-flows]. Message Details : mpart01 MESSAGE sip:kumiko@example.org SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 127.0.0.1:5070 ;branch=z9hG4bK-d87543-4dade06d0bdb11ee-1--d87543-;rport Max-Forwards: 70 Route: Identity: r5mwreLuyDRYBi/0TiPwEsY3rEVsk/G2WxhgTV1PF7hHuL IK0YWVKZhKv9Mj8UeXqkMVbnVq37CD+813gvYjcBUaZngQmXc9WNZSDN GCzA+fWl9MEUHWIZo1CeJebdY/XlgKeTa0Olvq0rt70Q5jiSfbqMJmQF teeivUhkMWYUA= Contact: To: From: ;tag=2fb0dcc9 Call-ID: 3d9485ad0c49859b@Zmx1ZmZ5LW1hYy0xNi5sb2NhbA.. CSeq: 1 MESSAGE Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary Content-Type: multipart/mixed;boundary=7a9cbec02ceef655 Date: Sat, 15 Oct 2005 04:44:56 GMT User-Agent: SIPimp.org/0.2.5 (curses) Content-Length: 553 --7a9cbec02ceef655 Content-Type: text/plain Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary Hello --7a9cbec02ceef655 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 16] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October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a9cbec02ceef655-- 3.1.1.12. Unusual reason phrase This 200 response contains a reason phrase other than "OK". The reason phrase is intended for human consumption, and may contain any string produced by Reason-Phrase = *(reserved / unreserved / escaped / UTF8-NONASCII / UTF8-CONT / SP / HTAB) This particular response contains unreserved and non-ASCII UTF-8 characters. This response is well formed. A parser must accept this message. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 17] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : unreason SIP/2.0 200 = 2**3 * 5**2 D0BDD0BE20D181D182 D0BE20D0B4D0B5D0B2D18FD0BDD0BED181D182D0BE20D0B4 D0B5D0B2D18FD182D18C202D20D0BFD180D0BED181D182D0 BED0B5 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.198;branch=z9hG4bK1324923 Call-ID: unreason.1234ksdfak3j2erwedfsASdf CSeq: 35 INVITE From: sip:user@example.com;tag=11141343 To: sip:user@example.edu;tag=2229 Content-Length: 154 Content-Type: application/sdp Contact: v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.198 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.198 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.1.13. Empty reason phrase This well formed response contains no reason phrase. A parser must accept this message. The space character after the reason code is required. If it were not present, this message could be rejected as invalid (a liberal receiver would accept it anyway). Message Details : noreason SIP/2.0 10020 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.105;branch=z9hG4bK2398ndaoe Call-ID: noreason.asndj203insdf99223ndf CSeq: 35 INVITE From: ;tag=39ansfi3 To: ;tag=902jndnke3 Content-Length: 0 Contact: Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 18] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.2. Invalid messages This section contains several invalid messages reflecting errors seen at interoperability events and exploring important edge conditions that can be induced through malformed messages. This section does not attempt to be a comprehensive list of all types of invalid messages. 3.1.2.1. Extraneous header field separators The Via header field of this request contains additional semicolons and commas without parameters or values. The Contact header field contains additional semicolons without parameters. This message is syntactically invalid. An element receiving this request should respond with a 400 Bad Request error. Message Details : badinv01 INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=134161461246 Max-Forwards: 7 Call-ID: badinv01.0ha0isndaksdjasdf3234nas CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.15;;,;,, Contact: "Joe" ;;;; Content-Length: 152 Content-Type: application/sdp v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.15 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.15 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.2. Content length larger than message This is a request message with a Content Length that is larger than the actual length of the body. When sent over UDP (as this message ostensibly was), the receiving element should respond with a 400 Bad Request error. If this message arrived over a stream-based transport such as TCP, there's not much Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 19] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 the receiving could do but wait for more data on the stream and close the connection if none is forthcoming in a reasonable period of time. Message Details : clerr INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 Max-Forwards: 80 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=93942939o2 Contact: Call-ID: clerr.0ha0isndaksdjweiafasdk3 CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host5.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK-39234-23523 Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 9999 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.155 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.155 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.3. Negative Content-Length This request has a negative value for Content-Length. An element receiving this message should respond with an error. This request appeared over UDP, so the remainder of the datagram can simply be discarded. If a request like this arrives over TCP, the framing error is not recoverable and the connection should be closed. The same behavior is appropriate for messages that arrive without a numeric value in the Content-Length header field such as: Content-Length: five Implementors should take extra precautions if the technique they choose for converting this ascii field into an integral form can return a negative value. In particular, the result must not be used as a counter or array index. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 20] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : ncl INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 Max-Forwards: 254 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=32394234 Call-ID: ncl.0ha0isndaksdj2193423r542w35 CSeq: 0 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.53;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Contact: Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: -999 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.53 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.53 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.4. Request scalar fields with overlarge values This request contains several scalar header field values outside their legal range. o the CSeq sequence number is >2**32-1. o the Max-Forwards value is >255. o the Expires value is >2**32-1. o the Contact expires parameter value is >2**32-1. An element receiving this request should respond with a 400 Bad Request due to the CSeq error. If only the Max-Forwards field were in error, the element could choose process the request as if the field were absent. If only the expiry values were in error, the element could treat them as if they contained the default values for expiration (3600 in this case). Other scalar request fields that may contain aberrant values include, but are not limited to, the Contact q value, the Timestamp value, and the Via ttl parameter. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 21] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : scalar02 REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host129.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK342sdfoi3 To: From: ;tag=239232jh3 CSeq: 36893488147419103232 REGISTER Call-ID: scalar02.23o0pd9vanlq3wnrlnewofjas9ui32 Max-Forwards: 300 Expires: 10 Contact: ;expires=280297596632815 Content-Length: 0 3.1.2.5. Response scalar fields with overlarge values This response contains several scalar header field values outside their legal range. o the CSeq sequence number is >2**32-1. o The Retry-After field is unreasonably large (note that RFC 3261 does not define a legal range for this field). o The Warning field has a warning-value with more than 3 digits An element receiving this response will simply discard it. Message Details : scalarlg SIP/2.0 503 Service Unavailable Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host129.example.com ;branch=z9hG4bKzzxdiwo34sw ;received=192.0.2.129 To: From: ;tag=2easdjfejw CSeq: 9292394834772304023312 OPTIONS Call-ID: scalarlg.noase0of0234hn2qofoaf0232aewf2394r Retry-After: 949302838503028349304023988 Warning: 1812 overture "In Progress" Content-Length: 0 3.1.2.6. Unterminated quoted string in display-name This is a request with an unterminated quote in the display name of the To field. An element receiving this request should return an 400 Bad Request error. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 22] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 An element could attempt to infer a terminating quote and accept the message. Such an element needs to take care that it makes a reasonable inference when it encounters To: "Mr J. User Message Details : quotbal INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: "Mr. J. User From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=93334 Max-Forwards: 10 Call-ID: quotbal.aksdj Contact: CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.59:5050;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw39234 Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 152 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.15 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.15 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.7. <> enclosing Request-URI This INVITE request is invalid because the Request-URI has been enclosed within in "<>". It is reasonable to always reject a request with this error with a 400 Bad Request. Elements attempting to be liberal with what they accept may choose to ignore the brackets. If the element forwards the request, it must not include the brackets in the messages it sends. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 23] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : ltgtruri INVITE SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=39291 Max-Forwards: 23 Call-ID: ltgtruri.1@192.0.2.5 CSeq: 1 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.5 Contact: Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 159 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.5 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.5 t=3149328700 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.8. Malformed SIP Request-URI (embedded LWS) This INVITE has illegal LWS within the Request-URI. An element receiving this request should respond with a 400 Bad Request. An element could attempt to ignore the embedded LWS for those schemes (like sip) where that would not introduce ambiguity. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 24] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : lwsruri INVITE sip:user@example.com; lr SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com;tag=3xfe-9921883-z9f From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=231413434 Max-Forwards: 5 Call-ID: lwsruri.asdfasdoeoi2323-asdfwrn23-asd834rk423 CSeq: 2130706432 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.1:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw2395 Contact: Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 159 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=3149328700 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.9. Multiple SP separating Request-Line elements This INVITE has illegal multiple SP characters between elements of the start line. It is acceptable to reject this request as malformed. An element that is liberal in what it accepts may ignore these extra SP characters while processing the request. If the element forwards the request, it must not include these extra SP characters in the messages it sends. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 25] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : lwsstart INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 Max-Forwards: 8 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=8814 Call-ID: lwsstart.dfknq234oi243099adsdfnawe3@example.com CSeq: 1893884 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host1.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw3923 Contact: Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.10. SP characters at end of Request-Line This OPTIONS request contains SP characters between the SIP-Version field and the CRLF terminating the Request-Line. It is acceptable to reject this request as malformed. An element that is liberal in what it accepts may ignore these extra SP characters while processing the request. If the element forwards the request, it must not include these extra SP characters in the messages it sends. Message Details : trws OPTIONS sip:remote-target@example.com SIP/2.02020 Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host1.examle.com;branch=z9hG4bK299342093 To: From: ;tag=329429089 Call-ID: trws.oicu34958239neffasdhr2345r Accept: application/sdp CSeq: 238923 OPTIONS Max-Forwards: 70 Content-Length: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 26] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.2.11. Escaped headers in SIP Request-URI This INVITE is malformed as the SIP Request-URI contains escaped headers. It is acceptable for an element to reject this request with a 400 Bad Request. An element could choose to be liberal in what it accepts and ignore the escaped headers. If the element is a proxy, the escaped headers must not appear in the Request-URI of forwarded request (and most certainly must not be translated into the actual header of the forwarded request). Message Details : escruri INVITE sip:user@example.com?Route=%3Csip:example.com%3E SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=341518 Max-Forwards: 7 Contact: Call-ID: escruri.23940-asdfhj-aje3br-234q098w-fawerh2q-h4n5 CSeq: 149209342 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host-of-the-hour.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.12. Invalid timezone in Date header field This INVITE is invalid as it contains a non GMT time zone in the SIP Date header field. It is acceptable to reject this request as malformed (though an element shouldn't do that unless the contents of the Date header field were actually important to its processing). An element wishing to be liberal in what it accepts could ignore this value altogether if it wasn't going to use the Date header field anyhow. Otherwise, it could attempt to interpret this date and adjust it to GMT. RFC 3261 explicitly defines the only acceptable timezone designation as "GMT". "UT", while synonymous with GMT per [RFC2822], is not Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 27] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 valid. "UTC" and "UCT" are also invalid. Message Details : baddate INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=2234923 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: baddate.239423mnsadf3j23lj42--sedfnm234 CSeq: 1392934 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Date: Fri, 01 Jan 2010 16:00:00 EST Contact: Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 150 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.5 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.5 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.13. Failure to enclose name-addr URI in <> This REGISTER request is malformed. The SIP URI contained in the Contact Header field has an escaped header, so the field must be in name-addr form (which implies the URI must be enclosed in <>). It is reasonable for an element receiving this request to respond with a 400 Bad Request. An element choosing to be liberal in what it accepts could infer the angle brackets since there is no ambiguity in this example. In general, that won't be possible. Message Details : regbadct REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:user@example.com;tag=998332 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: regbadct.k345asrl3fdbv@10.0.0.1 CSeq: 1 REGISTER Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 135.180.130.133:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Contact: sip:user@example.com?Route=%3Csip:sip.example.com%3E l: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 28] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.2.14. Spaces within addr-spec This request is malformed since the addr-spec in the To header field contains spaces. Parsers receiving this request must not break. It is reasonable to reject this request with a 400 Bad Request response. Elements attempting to be liberal may ignore the spaces. Message Details : badaspec OPTIONS sip:user@example.org SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host4.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdju43234 Max-Forwards: 70 From: "Bell, Alexander" ;tag=433423 To: "Watson, Thomas" < sip:t.watson@example.org > Call-ID: badaspec.sdf0234n2nds0a099u23h3hnnw009cdkne3 Accept: application/sdp CSeq: 3923239 OPTIONS l: 0 3.1.2.15. Non-token characters in display-name This OPTIONS request is malformed since the display names in the To and From header fields contain non-token characters but are unquoted. It is reasonable to always reject this kind of error with a 400 Bad Request response. An element may attempt to be liberal in what it receives and infer the missing quotes. If this element were a proxy, it must not propagate the error into the request it forwards. As a consequence, if the fields are covered by a signature, there's not much point in trying to be liberal - the message should be simply rejected. Message Details : baddn OPTIONS sip:t.watson@example.org SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP c.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Max-Forwards: 70 From: Bell, Alexander ;tag=43 To: Watson, Thomas Call-ID: baddn.31415@c.example.com Accept: application/sdp CSeq: 3923239 OPTIONS l: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 29] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.1.2.16. Unknown protocol version To an element implementing [RFC3261], this request is malformed due to its high version number. The element should respond to the request with a 505 Version Not Supported error. Message Details : badvers OPTIONS sip:t.watson@example.org SIP/7.0 Via: SIP/7.0/UDP c.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Max-Forwards: 70 From: A. Bell ;tag=qweoiqpe To: T. Watson Call-ID: badvers.31417@c.example.com CSeq: 1 OPTIONS l: 0 3.1.2.17. Start line and CSeq method mismatch This request has mismatching values for the method in the start line and the CSeq header field. Any element receiving this request will respond with a 400 Bad Request. Message Details : mismatch01 OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=34525 Max-Forwards: 6 Call-ID: mismatch01.dj0234sxdfl3 CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw l: 0 3.1.2.18. Unknown Method with CSeq method mismatch This message has an unknown method in the start line, and a CSeq method tag which does not match. Any element receiving this response should respond with a 501 Not Implemented. A 400 Bad Request is also acceptable, but choosing a 501 (particularly at proxies) has better future-proof characteristics. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 30] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : mismatch02 NEWMETHOD sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=34525 Max-Forwards: 6 Call-ID: mismatch02.dj0234sxdfl3 CSeq: 8 INVITE Contact: Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host.example.net;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Content-Type: application/sdp l: 138 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.1 c=IN IP4 192.0.2.1 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.1.2.19. Overlarge response code This response has a response code larger than 699. An element receiving this response should simply drop it. Message Details : bigcode SIP/2.0 4294967301 better not break the receiver Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.105;branch=z9hG4bK2398ndaoe Call-ID: bigcode.asdof3uj203asdnf3429uasdhfas3ehjasdfas9i CSeq: 353494 INVITE From: ;tag=39ansfi3 To: ;tag=902jndnke3 Content-Length: 0 Contact: 3.2. Transaction layer semantics This section contains tests that exercise an implementation's parser and transaction layer logic. 3.2.1. Missing transaction identifier This request indicates support for RFC 3261-style transaction identifiers by providing the z9hG4bK prefix to the branch parameter, but it provides no identifier. A parser must not break when receiving this message. An element receiving this request could Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 31] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 reject the request with a 400 Response (preferably statelessly, as other requests from the source are likely to also have a malformed branch parameter), or it could fall back to the RFC 2543 style transaction identifier. Message Details : badbranch OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.org;tag=33242 Max-Forwards: 3 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.1;branch=z9hG4bK Accept: application/sdp Call-ID: badbranch.sadonfo23i420jv0as0derf3j3n CSeq: 8 OPTIONS l: 0 3.3. Application layer semantics This section contains tests that exercise an implementation's parser and application layer logic. 3.3.1. Missing Required Header Fields This request contains no Call-ID, From, or To header fields. An element receiving this message must not break because of the missing information. Ideally, it will respond with a 400 Bad Request error. Message Details : insuf INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 CSeq: 193942 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.95;branch=z9hG4bKkdj.insuf Content-Type: application/sdp l: 152 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.95 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.95 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 32] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.3.2. Request-URI with unknown scheme This OPTIONS contains an unknown URI scheme in the Request-URI. A parser must accept this as a well-formed SIP request. An element receiving this request will reject it with a 416 Unsupported URI Scheme response. Some early implementations attempt to look at the contents of the To header field to determine how to route this kind of request. That is an error. Despite the fact that the To header field and the Request URI frequently look alike in simplistic first-hop messages, the To header field contains no routing information. Message Details : unkscm OPTIONS nobodyKnowsThisScheme:totallyopaquecontent SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=384 Max-Forwards: 3 Call-ID: unkscm.nasdfasser0q239nwsdfasdkl34 CSeq: 3923423 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host9.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw39234 Content-Length: 0 3.3.3. Request-URI with known but atypical scheme This OPTIONS contains an Request-URI with an IANA registered scheme that does not commonly appear Request-URIs of SIP requests. A parser must accept this as a well-formed SIP request. If an element will never accept this scheme as meaningful in a request-URI, it is appropriate to treat it as unknown and return a 416 Unsupported URI Scheme response. If the element might accept some URIs with this scheme, then a 404 Not Found is appropriate for those URIs it doesn't accept. Message Details : novelsc OPTIONS soap.beep://192.0.2.103:3002 SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=384 Max-Forwards: 3 Call-ID: novelsc.asdfasser0q239nwsdfasdkl34 CSeq: 3923423 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/TCP host9.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw39234 Content-Length: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 33] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.3.4. Unknown URI schemes in header fields This message contains registered schemes in the To, From and Contact header fields of a request. The message is syntactically valid. Parsers must not fail when receiving this message. Proxies should treat this message as they would any other request for this URI. A registrar would reject this request with a 400 Bad Request response since the To: header field is required to contain a SIP or SIPS URI as an AOR. Message Details : unksm2 REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: isbn:2983792873 From: ;tag=3234233 Call-ID: unksm2.daksdj@hyphenated-host.example.com CSeq: 234902 REGISTER Max-Forwards: 70 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.21:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Contact: l: 0 3.3.5. Proxy-Require and Require This request tests proper implementation of SIP's Proxy-Require and Require extension mechanisms. Any element receiving this request will respond with a 420 Bad Extension response containing an Unsupported header field listing these features from either the Require or Proxy-Require header field depending on the role in which the element is responding. Message Details : bext01 OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j_user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=242etr Max-Forwards: 6 Call-ID: bext01.0ha0isndaksdj Require: nothingSupportsThis, nothingSupportsThisEither Proxy-Require: noProxiesSupportThis, norDoAnyProxiesSupportThis CSeq: 8 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/TLS fold-and-staple.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Content-Length: 0 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 34] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 3.3.6. Unknown Content-Type This INVITE request contains a body of unknown type. It is syntactically valid. A parser must not fail when receiving it. A proxy receiving this request would process it just like any other INVITE. An endpoint receiving this request would reject it with a 415 Unsupported Media Type error. Message Details : invut INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 Contact: To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=8392034 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: invut.0ha0isndaksdjadsfij34n23d CSeq: 235448 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP somehost.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Content-Type: application/unknownformat Content-Length: 40 3.3.7. Unknown authorization scheme This REGISTER request contains an Authorization header field with an unknown scheme. The request is well-formed. A parser must not fail when receiving it. A proxy will treat this request as any other REGISTER. If it forwards the request, it will include this Authorization header field unmodified in the forwarded messages. A registrar that does not care about challenge-response authentication will simply ignore the Authorization header field, processing this registration as if the field were not present. A registrar that does care about challenge-response authentication will reject this request with a 401, issuing a new challenge with a scheme it understands. Endpoints choosing not to act as registrars will simply reject the request. A 405 Method Not Allowed is appropriate. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 35] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : regaut01 REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j.user@example.com From: sip:j.user@example.com;tag=87321hj23128 Max-Forwards: 8 Call-ID: regaut01.0ha0isndaksdj CSeq: 9338 REGISTER Via: SIP/2.0/TCP 192.0.2.253;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Authorization: NoOneKnowsThisScheme opaque-data=here Content-Length:0 3.3.8. Multiple values in single value required fields The message contains a request with multiple Call-ID, To, From, Max- Forwards and CSeq values. An element receiving this request must not break. An element receiving this request would respond with a 400 Bad Request error. Message Details : multi01 INVITE sip:user@company.com SIP/2.0 Contact: Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.25;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Max-Forwards: 70 CSeq: 5 INVITE Call-ID: multi01.98asdh@192.0.2.1 CSeq: 59 INVITE Call-ID: multi01.98asdh@192.0.2.2 From: sip:caller@example.com;tag=3413415 To: sip:user@example.com To: sip:other@example.net From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=2923420123 Content-Type: application/sdp l: 154 Contact: Max-Forwards: 5 v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.25 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.25 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 36] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.3.9. Multiple Content-Length values Multiple conflicting Content-Length header field values appear in this request. From a framing perspective, this situation is equivalent to an invalid Content-Length value (or no value at all). An element receiving this message should respond with an error. This request appeared over UDP, so the remainder of the datagram can simply be discarded. If a request like this arrives over TCP, the framing error is not recoverable and the connection should be closed. Message Details : mcl01 OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host5.example.net;branch=z9hG4bK293423 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:other@example.net;tag=3923942 Call-ID: mcl01.fhn2323orihawfdoa3o4r52o3irsdf CSeq: 15932 OPTIONS Content-Length: 13 Max-Forwards: 60 Content-Length: 5 Content-Type: text/plain There's no way to know how many octets are supposed to be here. 3.3.10. 200 OK Response with broadcast Via header field value This message is a response with a 2nd Via header field value's sent-by containing 255.255.255.255. The message is well formed - parsers must not fail when receiving it. Per [RFC3261] an endpoint receiving this message should simply discard it. If a proxy followed normal response processing rules blindly, it would forward this response to the broadcast address. To protect against this being used as an avenue of attack, proxies should drop such responses. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 37] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : bcast SIP/2.0 200 OK Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.198;branch=z9hG4bK1324923 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 255.255.255.255;branch=z9hG4bK1saber23 Call-ID: bcast.0384840201234ksdfak3j2erwedfsASdf CSeq: 35 INVITE From: sip:user@example.com;tag=11141343 To: sip:user@example.edu;tag=2229 Content-Length: 154 Content-Type: application/sdp Contact: v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.198 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.198 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.3.11. Max-Forwards of zero This is a legal SIP request with the Max-Forwards header field value set to zero. A proxy should not forward the request and respond 483 (Too Many Hops). An endpoint should process the request as if the Max-Forwards field value were still positive. Message Details : zeromf OPTIONS sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=3ghsd41 Call-ID: zeromf.jfasdlfnm2o2l43r5u0asdfas CSeq: 39234321 OPTIONS Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host1.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw2349i Max-Forwards: 0 Content-Length: 0 3.3.12. REGISTER with a contact header parameter This register request contains a contact where the 'unknownparam' parameter must be interpreted as being a contact-param and not a url- param. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 38] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 This REGISTER should succeed. The response must not include "unknownparam" as a url-parameter for this binding. Likewise, "unknownparam" must not appear as a url-parameter in any binding during subsequent fetches. Behavior is the same, of course, for any known contact-param parameter names. Message Details : cparam01 REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP saturn.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Max-Forwards: 70 From: sip:watson@example.com;tag=DkfVgjkrtMwaerKKpe To: sip:watson@example.com Call-ID: cparam01.70710@saturn.example.com CSeq: 2 REGISTER Contact: sip:+19725552222@gw1.example.net;unknownparam l: 0 3.3.13. REGISTER with a url parameter This register request contains a contact where the URI has an unknown parameter. The register should succeed and a subsequent retrieval of the registration must include "unknownparam" as a url-parameter. Behavior is the same, of course, for any known url-parameter names. Message Details : cparam02 REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP saturn.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Max-Forwards: 70 From: sip:watson@example.com;tag=838293 To: sip:watson@example.com Call-ID: cparam02.70710@saturn.example.com CSeq: 3 REGISTER Contact: l: 0 3.3.14. REGISTER with a url escaped header This register request contains a contact where the URI has an escaped header. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 39] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 The register should succeed and a subsequent retrieval of the registration must include the escaped Route header in the contact URI for this binding. Message Details : regescrt REGISTER sip:example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:user@example.com From: sip:user@example.com;tag=8 Max-Forwards: 70 Call-ID: regescrt.k345asrl3fdbv@192.0.2.1 CSeq: 14398234 REGISTER Via: SIP/2.0/UDP host5.example.com;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw M: L:0 3.3.15. Unacceptable Accept offering This request indicates the response must contain a body in an unknown type. In particular, since the Accept header field does not contain application/sdp, the response may not contain an SDP body. The recipient of this request could respond with a 406 Not Acceptable with a Warning/399 indicating that a response cannot be formulated in the formats offered in the Accept header field. It is also appropriate to respond with a 400 Bad Request since all SIP User- Agents (UAs) supporting INVITE are required to support application/ sdp. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 40] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : sdp01 INVITE sip:user@example.com SIP/2.0 To: sip:j_user@example.com Contact: From: sip:caller@example.net;tag=234 Max-Forwards: 5 Call-ID: sdp01.ndaksdj9342dasdd Accept: text/nobodyKnowsThis CSeq: 8 INVITE Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.15;branch=z9hG4bKkdjuw Content-Length: 150 Content-Type: application/sdp v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.5 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.5 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 12 m=video 3227 RTP/AVP 31 a=rtpmap:31 LPC 3.4. Backward compatibility 3.4.1. INVITE with RFC2543 syntax This is a legal message per RFC 2543 (and several bis versions) which should be accepted by RFC 3261 elements which want to maintain backwards compatibility. o There is no branch parameter at all on the Via header field value o There is no From tag o There is no explicit Content-Length (The body is assumed to be all octets in the datagram after the null-line) o There is no Max-Forwards header field Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 41] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Message Details : inv2543 INVITE sip:UserB@example.com SIP/2.0 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP iftgw.example.com From: Record-Route: To: sip:+16505552222@ss1.example.net;user=phone Call-ID: inv2543.1717@ift.client.example.com CSeq: 56 INVITE Content-Type: application/sdp v=0 o=mhandley 29739 7272939 IN IP4 192.0.2.5 s=- c=IN IP4 192.0.2.5 t=0 0 m=audio 49217 RTP/AVP 0 4. Security Considerations This document presents NON NORMATIVE examples of SIP session establishment. The security considerations in [RFC3261] apply. Parsers must carefully consider edge conditions and malicious input as part of their design. Attacks on many Internet systems use crafted input to cause implementations to behave in undesirable ways. Many of the messages in this draft are designed to stress a parser implementation at points traditionally used for such attacks. This document does not, however, attempt to be comprehensive. It should be considered a seed to stimulate thinking and planning, not simply a set of tests to be passed. 5. IANA Considerations This document has no actions for IANA. 6. Acknowledgments The final detailed review of this document was performed by: Diego Besprosvan, Vijay Gurbani, Shashi Kumar, Derek MacDonald, Gautham Narasimhan, Nils Ohlmeier, Bob Penfield, Reinaldo Penno, Marc Petit- Huguenin, Richard Sugarman, and Venkatesh Venkataramanan. Earlier versions of this document were reviewed by: Aseem Agarwal, Rafi Assadi, Gonzalo Camarillo, Ben Campbell, Cullen Jennings, Vijay Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 42] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Gurbani, Sunitha Kumar, Rohan Mahy, Jon Peterson, Marc Petit- Huguenin, Vidhi Rastogi, Adam Roach, Bodgey Yin Shaohua and Tom Taylor. Thanks to Cullen Jennings and Eric Rescorla for their contribution to the multipart/mime sections of this document and their work constructing S/MIME examples in [I-D.jennings-sip-sec-flows]. Thanks to Neil Deason for contributing several messages and Kundan Singh for performing parser validation of messages in earlier versions. The following individuals provided significant comments during the early phases of the development of this document: Jean-Francois Mule, Hemant Agrawal, Henry Sinnreich, David Devanatham, Joe Pizzimenti, Matt Cannon, John Hearty, the whole MCI IPOP Design team, Scott Orton, Greg Osterhout, Pat Sollee, Doug Weisenberg, Danny Mistry, Steve McKinnon, and Denise Ingram, Denise Caballero, Tom Redman, Ilya Slain, Pat Sollee, John Truetken, and others from MCI, 3Com, Cisco, Lucent and Nortel. 7. Informative References [I-D.jennings-sip-sec-flows] Jennings, C. and K. Ono, "Example call flows using SIP security mechanisms", draft-jennings-sip-sec-flows-03 (work in progress), July 2005. [RFC2396] Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998. [RFC2822] Resnick, P., "Internet Message Format", RFC 2822, April 2001. [RFC3261] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston, A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E. Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261, June 2002. [RFC3264] Rosenberg, J. and H. Schulzrinne, "An Offer/Answer Model with Session Description Protocol (SDP)", RFC 3264, June 2002. Appendix A. Bit-exact archive of each test message The following text block is an encoded, gzip compressed TAR archive of files that represent each of the example messages discussed in Section 3. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 43] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 To recover the compressed archive file intact, the text of this document may be passed as input to the following Perl script (the output should be redirected to a file or piped to "tar -xzvf -"). #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; my $bdata = ""; use MIME::Base64; while(<>) { if (/-- BEGIN MESSAGE ARCHIVE --/ .. /-- END MESSAGE ARCHIVE --/) { if ( m/^\s*[^\s]+\s*$/) { $bdata = $bdata . $_; } } } print decode_base64($bdata); Figure 58 Alternatively, the base-64 encoded block can be edited by hand to remove document structure lines and fed as input to any base-64 decoding utility. A.1. Encoded Reference Messages -- BEGIN MESSAGE ARCHIVE -- H4sIAMUmXEMCA+xdW2zc2Hm2nexNG6UN3LRF0QdaiOJdyxwdnkMOhyOPVrIt 27It22tdvHYTeM8MDzWc4ZAjkqORvK2bbIAAedmHtEHRdlvkoUCLFAjSlyLF 9rJPLYoWrTdAg6JFHwp0i+5D0SIoEAQFuj2HnAuH5GgoW3PxmgcazYU/b4f/ //3Xc04Rq9ipk1JGxe6xITVAW1YUvXc5K/W8syYheEygP0lIECWJ0gkSkMAx DhwbQWs4LrY57phdcerYrjr96AZtb91L5/0paTdvbazevLHOOXo933CIvUT2 cK1ukIxlb3Prq7fmYQZMT23pON/+Nr958RZXthxXzLRpS1YtL4EsWCja2CyV Cw+U8mWxeK2qVhoigkicnlrDe/wly25iW3XynEwPecmmO3Ez54lhnOWWDXoo UyX2DHeOXQnObGeKdMtS4AyLCy7eLogIiRBNT21YdOc72HUs8yy3UbZq2KH7 erfhZpre7z23sjg9dQEbBr96Mc8V2zzvqBqgl2dCU3UABorSgKiMyqbZBEAp qVWT0DMtl0qk7uY5XK8begm7umXOO2qdHm+d7OQ5pEB6iwrX6sjpKSPP0dub nno6nj/tC/+hDREABsm/CLJh+YcCTOV/rPJPJa4r/0za4ijaYsy2lah49eKH J7AIQRGGAQDFQIqg0E8ZmBFCKHKQBAYkusXFDlYtU7Mg0kUIKrsAO4DCioYq yGxLbO5pldUhyT8VfDJM9T9I/gUAxWPsnygCAWURlX8xm031/0ja6o2t1Y2V oxd/k7ie+EOqXxWmsKMWQFB6PR6kapTq9ppJZZgKLERGRYQ87xBVM2ueFeHL r0BVroJEzr/0PsZJ0DaJMUua01MX6Snz3CVbP8sBgbuKTQ5SVuSEbB4A+set rG/QM1qmi0sUe84F7pEdX8oE7nTRJySmy2/s10kcUrU2Xyfmtlum9yB5uLNb oG9WoVamxo9B9jmoyNSUkKFMb1ChN8it3hI7wChNTzkFfnqqVIhucAuAIVmt gBuqbnG0ywWZu71xa3556xZHbwqybbu6SiwOQdjdhITpKVyw3XoN1/NI4K7f Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 44] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 uvAso+Gzif/mUNE/gf8noJD9JyJJSvF/1PZfrOPU6wOyFoTaUhIfsBlGf691 nUDaQm7gYC/QV0pe6/UC/V3jbiXkAlK2p/wmSEs99zDQ36Otj8v3tMq/bu4C YZzxHxmBsP0nA5TK/8TZf5XMY1iAAhKFLLXoBShmI2Zgr0j6nAjKGOiOqeKq o1awQ21BFqPBTtd/62v5dXxIaWHh7MLZswEDbuaqRVrRpYpFenBhgbY4Ew0O NOsOacEJfU04YVw2HO31XWI74/T/gCgG9b/kyT/KpvI/Mfpfjuh/OU7/J1X9 PZp/OeMp/0Eaf6dJLH2nTgJ6fyPTUv2JVb7H6Uzpy2Gl39HtwjMWHCqWMHWW x2r/U9GPxH9QNpX/kbSW9uQgANzNawepVCUXkm8BQT+0E9kHSlIm8Arv5+Ai sdmOXdn0uBCgnJgTAQQCVfhU+Wu4iiqQ2E2ias7yuqp1ci5SxwTomh9h08Q3 PgQq7ajtLkTIiNpoRamgEmcBiIkCO90AkXdwFh6CuSC+LB7eUlByfU0FtimN 96TtaPCf7LnD9f4SxH9kKWz/iVBI8X/y8n+V+4+TAhAhce2wIZgNwr/PhD2O 3/TUbbLT0G0KuqbllnVze71Rr1u262yUdeds3I8rulsm9ES3bGtvnw/szn7Q idOibe9vX7SWzf3otpg8YY+G27i+zmmWofIUyHnKPZ4iGWQFh3XLpFiWRX27 ZKljzf8BSRAj/l8a/xmt/SdCRVSyMgIClUbXJTYTMK5oE1zlqFRxNikRfZdJ V38LEYQtPYiUHBVniwRlvcVw2FEtDTUqECD60dQQvYIG/VTWsINI2Qv8YEfR uzYfEhUxZPedi4Mt32FECjYdTW9ZfufiTD+fUAGwYqpmldX6xEhpHwOP3mzE wnsa9X+JIrY95vyPnIVh/48a7an8T0z8t1dz5540IqywPD/9Z8F+CfaGuW3v hzPsbQTxWbbHWGgSHVO0UKsoQZC4N30f1dg8y++IPEQSRIdO7Cu0PUZc+IDA 8HAjwyXK1Lg23vyPBISo/pdT+R9Fu71yeXV9Y+W2J6+xwh+RHwe7Ddt8rMRv N/LLTheK17ZjNher2tZ2pWq7a01M7GvX2kHf+F2CwNDmZco9AliKXmcbHCDX vu0AALHDzwmKDCkLQtqWtptCEIIWGmbVtJqmd5JPTHS41WdwnPIvZuWI/MNU /z+r8p9DOaokDyfzcKDMoziZP3cooV/8BOaE1KJhk52xxv8EJGXD9r+U1n9N ivwnM/WjW1uFWlASKqiCYGQQUG56ajXPtfivx5pXFOb7a6aBjCpESBRgSE23 Thau8+3a/l1R7x+tgFIcYnnlyn3CdfSCu95SsIikp7/a19i7PUmhDHV6UVw3 dcAu3FmKLFO5UjxpWgqWkhymUCamE1AO+PXWwy9qfvKSGC6x55NmuqKNOKVh p38G5/+RHMZ/mMZ/Rh7/oS9nFi0zaJ0VQQC7gkgV1QuzsuSQWRnGoZ1nX63O QopYu4S+0S4sESd4vFYMFuUiuCdPT+l5zudPNjIEKF5IuFqpmhBZJv0CeBQY FgLZwFAxadiHgW58ouaAJP/0FNeJU81mL8QNBVmgv9POWDBns0KNFHbpm9Gg ty7NInEWCYtHhJp9QTMtDUjbYfEfjjn+n436/1SSU/wfjf0/K8rUVp4VJd8H sMm27rg2tjN9vYGZ2XuUvFVMbRPHatilHmN3sTO8fyClB/8aRLCCVa3SUxTm syYDfXOnaSHR3oFIR2LFZrnBkmlAZNpG1XRYXVhvgv7CwDGAECiz2gPHJEZQ gyhIFLlgj8QOW+wJHmBDx47gpwRDCcELs9lLEVLol4eFSaPHRB4hChEeefyB drLZMIzx5v/FaPwvm47/nzD/n7EJPwsAzz70c237ErUie4oC/fk7DhgO3GZJ pECATFXbrVZU7GjVHdQULdfeAVh1NAoKeFftDAkWkZJj1t8Bjv+gtF+gUKcr ivRWliI7LsZQ9SO8np/seCHtbLth6+Md/y9G4n+ylOr/Uft/4QDea7ethksK s+hCCBtm0cqRzA2AREEScnFjwvqNuvfwo19dQJuVPWeRZ3ZDucLjCkFFm6fY sAOUXJPXcJPYZbjDl0VT6sIHhRqq/OHB3iNvabxbJnyZmjHJK/6GGTxL3cC0 PVnTTaehjdn/E7OR8b9imv8dO/53Mb6Fkl7d1uCcghKTU8h4fDYQFI3WsNtD 4qDSN4mgpHOjDJJ/t0bc8ljtP9hT/5X17b/U/xtJO0UZgNjEcXVzm1+jnGCp 3vA7KSvnlPtn5t7MzOqmSoh6+qEHEsL9htlwGtjIbN5effiKa/FFcspp2OTV L+qOedqd090vzJds/GD/tbPzCwtn8l/U3bkydgrC2SbRbfXUmTp2vtC0Hqr3 XcvKvKJahO3G6+6rS4PLT9qRHeGg8s3Mqdls9sz9uTdPP2zFq86vXM9/6QXu xiZ9O8ZdZN9+tRWUOuz9xIa5XKtKTOHhm/4HeHruvv8JnZk9leH9E9UaporN UPBLo7vfYqUlp08/nDtznxLPFmY++Mqj7z36o0d//sHbj773wTsffOPR9x/9 yYxnMN/3jvpQOD33Jj0ynwkYv205blq2OnvvGn8qQ3vg9BL7+ubDV19ZPJf/ 0vzMl3/ptV95KzCNlgAhykncIXggbKxDVp5K9iimOxTErxCsEpuee/bM3H3a /fn/eu8vPvy93//wq+9+9NvvTe4YmGfb/tuFkojGGv/LeuP/QvZfOv5v1Pbf JrX/zi8lqwHUNXe7memX8Z0TEECSJAm0LVHSTMnQqeD3FtbRsxXqZcski2yo X4kCFe8FHFrHiFzNQg2rql1wnHCcvR2BmBOyEmjX8QXJek/XA5o+8wuyIMdd Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 45] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Z6CmSMp2DN+jnRPm8Wf1OxLspF3QcMed/wNy2P4T0/k/J8n/SzoL5hMNC8p5 AX/xwNyAz669M0SpjqZX2CzeSO3WgkiieED5m2PVSLJZQvsLe6syWLPsGnaj xo3oWTfnPMmlPcOdq5dqDY6NMS7MiCKamac/nptvbx7b8zcsc3vYBcAD5D+b lVEk/p/m/yZI/j0napVjRVwc5hgdZ+Ia4SyNo7a/TWrkCd+4um0x0aByNRM7 pjefpX3aU4wvFHaJvc/Y9yhfu9hokAX2yTsJu8thvwpOmd65f+Jh3FLcy/M5 CXX6btC3O7pbvmFtsQtgHq2P0biGH1B30PAuxwdsdrHD/DlaEA2V3CT+iVBs s2LZ83iHwisF/xSBM3g8cjT/2tfvPXWDOE7nFo78Q0B7t5UNtcJtQn/cH/3/ NsvpHVsB5VjlAOgYC5t+z/DXKeVRvngma3mu1fH8UYs07z/X4R2/3sYM3sP+ wijO5N1TTAyQIhRCvW7abpQC9lJsRSmEEEXceUCYZjlCA5UQzWr0OL0zgjGa mOPIoXuKuR6YDdPEHEcK0cRdjximiTlOqI+3uDwXoQn18m4cTbifOS56LhA+ TpRGUCLPK4YoFyWKoZIHP3ohm4BGSkAjJqBBCWhgApoELC2AwTTKYJLcYJIE nZygjxN0cYIeTtDBSfp3AEnEq2xNnKMWOnGdtqM5KmNvFC//llpwPbBmdgy2 5WOs2WE8C0U5hrvtDrsAcOD8P5H5XyUhrf8bqf8fP5HW0VT5KVARInnDYKF/ hweFpUDwu5WlHFxvIg1zmR7liAP6SBAVBHMymBAgMJqOqjv18c7/HlP/Iafx /5G0o1n/b8YXuZlzMTjQnZFvQN1/mxVZ6QEultQljXqY+3HJuCzoMzUng4XI XvGB/XTpv7b8j7/+H4Xz/xIA6fwf447/L3CGPRgCfNHe0wivUCWWyyH+gaIl mRUY+TOzR/J9Ui8keNzpTwaqWsTS2dJLXnF/0zb9Tzkk2lVvUFEr+ScgalJm RZSgVlXoO3URRMpBhoUwesPiYMdi0gyLtD0t+M8A0B2r/yfDiP+X2n8jxf94 +6/vDLBP5BDmcoLYi/EtDtSq5g61/SjGiwgoClbZ0G/cJGgpxgYUcgrK5QbM 9yEMsgOR0p7jdTgoP/Hho1rJGPf8P0CSs2H/L53/YaL8v0NPpsOmUoAoGUxY bNWGuLARG24UAAqfVbWyyUxAy9bLuKmpFkaWaEvQQrrtdFcIovYVNf86TmJE MCOeaBZEqaSwwLtkz52vG1g3mVhv0Msmpx3OtLgm3udci2P5UNo1Ta6GzX3O KrnEdThsE85hq0s4RGVERcKxHTOT4XzWdKeG3VJ5mCAwSP6RJIbkX4Jp/eck xn8eq64TiRKUDlr+JciDFTbzoLOnakbSqdzTUM+RyD8cn/zLXvy3x/6nX1L5 H0W7sXJnbWXjys2Lk4EAcAAC9LXUQ4b6wUjRf/K/wRlhNlPh4U36OGt+ImI0 NcrUw14AboD8Q1Fg/j+CMn3yCHjzP0mp/h9NW1tZX1++7AeAq42aXrUiq//G ewAClCkjAy+CKocjqLyakyUR8aKKVQKyKiiqRUEghBf49qYFmxV8xyWEgqPA gmfJASrYqyqVT93dz3O2VGva5Hpj/+Ltu+f1ebCh32quOHeRvbLlVOcvwzt7 5e2NLeHWJbl8pXF99Rq4e2fr2r3ytV1lrZLbJG/sVNe2iubWDpIvXJzLCWh7 926ldH4T3zO3X6+9UVLu3Li3fvHG5QsPlue0O4aytrJ55c7qPUu4QK6Sonp3 /g1j+xrZwOCmsbsDbFcGr0sVfV0r7qxdrb1+ySVE390sV9fu3N1cLoSBSzMa mra/1NuHi4GlqqKPYrFnhF3rAJEcG9SKQC2VlAC2IlURcxJWQUlUcpJSXLpX 2xPu1e5J1+8I5bv7YO+GLjlFeKNcXM5kumn3FmMEMNFmC2oRm18xS5aqm9ts LS8T2/th2Kw1DFdnsDJf0/eIulC02NBne78gY6VUJCUAS4RoWTZy+CJmT3od u2epx8bdLLlsHVqJA2JeFPNSlru8tjE9xUYC8svb9AQeB+q1OuuPeS+lzr1S atgOcV6N8d4kxJCa56On7e/VJbjZ6akrxDCsJEcOKhDPG+Qd1yZs9ZBE5wFv H7/9/Etnvn7l6z+ePv7CiW+/ffwC/em1E8ePCy+BF55/bu6znzrxC+DlLslx 4e3jHCX5RUoCfhnUhZfBS89/avPTz588sbkunASfY19ePMl4Q9cs29Sx8Dnw U+zHF06+uI5N7ip1UoXPgs+wn6ZOPkc5TXeFV8Fp9v3lk9w6+85tEMflLhDb 1TV2c4Rbbrhl6o+7+ydePP6tYzsn0PGT3cub7lze8ePPHfv0V7/yzv9oP7ny 37f5H3z4G+/8zre+89GP/u/z39bu7hS/+R//dOYP/lGaKv/dx98992dzH/9s 41/+QX3nbuGHl1/5UZH78UfL7u+i6d/6/H/+4T//2gefOf/Tmbfsb/zg3ff/ +ruZ//2r9//+Jz83v3Di4c33T//rRu3f/vg7+fcWtb/9my//8C+vfe1rP/Pu 9//945/nf/3mh2+RP/3NR8/FPTief1a9A09Yx6v/BQiC479EX/+n6z+NJf9L NUkdm/sJx39CaZDd3bZ341dbiK0H8cdbd03+jpPQYlUlx5aJXApY0q1dlMT7 wAOclk5Om6Wn2SIE/WOY7S2RCGaS/Lc3EyabZyNZIap40LR42dBjiGTUD+mx wL5FbPCoJ1RKwzJjbWbJGHL2J0H8p2f+Tw//QTad/20s+J9g/U/IsOjJ4kFe agcFs8CMD3uG9UPBSyHZkgibqFMODBKUA6MkE/v2XpmEnizRyz/Oqp/MP+lT Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 46] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 KYxGNlTAtKhD4ljmWNf/gzCQ/5G9+g+Uyv9IWnv9b9r/3BOv7d1hJkylmK3s rbPZ+RUFQjaPd3cl73QV78nR/9YuMZzSeOv/oRSSf1FO9f+I878WrmeKhNTz 8/NdoUd5BAA8mmFAuUilL+qBDp8P/UpfeniwQxHGbPqFv1Wju0oH8pcQ6DMC oD0GU0lS+SWmcxLuNCy3iMe7/ocsSmH7X07X/5wg+9+b/2fNznBXMxyLxvta NGr6LybAAQXFLHIpBMcBtVnScwMOGtunhI32pKteSkpeAhJIAAuJCz3hGFa+ PIocsU22cWPICeBk87/36n8xnf9zJG3I6//mZASFcgUiAeYOWtm2w4Y9MYC2 SFPM6LumL1P43eBkH9+/laF64Ilwnrth3TTJNdNqOhtl3VkvldkUZFYd7zQI T+UAF1iBZkTKP5GmAe34IlZL7njlH4X9f5DmfyZN/g+S/ljZV5QcQvDAIb8d 7qsiUcKObSBNLe4uCcAvi+hWIxy0oDeSMkKOUiP2Qn0H9IXWED94tSP6yvSu ePQJLSOlT4CtmzRe+Zey0fhfWv/5tMt/bpDo+4wXEv1wVvcIl/b7//aOZrdt G3wv0HcgAuwSxClFSrbkzEWLYcPWrcnWrEsPBQrFomz5h3JIyWpy2noesHcZ 1uO2V0jeaPxE2ZVkW05S1E5WsUkdU6Ik09//7/MVpsZ1qH8P2vjdekilULni 07YAXqv/U3NB/ic1/t8R/F/egIVUGdioSaTnh6vN9nlbQYX1n4A2Tgb9eSA4 bdoONSGBVCmIDsQMU5IjDHPiModqQkM88Zypy0dnNOFixFkS+gNXOnGwKJtQ rD7v128ngWCpUWIDY7VrorjDUEIcHTD9bB1iY+K0LKfZpMQ2rI8wY+qdGvW2 if9Nnf9BSBODopjK/7X9b7P+PwtTdMzENOgy9JK7UzcYuacjdiv0v7h46wXQ sVsmi+UP1dJrU4WFuKqMLDBXegOfDZK5gYCk2aI2NVstQrEJiQRGPv+zSBgU uPPQlQyHPiSb9Dk5C/3QhTfEZYkP1xLQlSQS542nfsSEuoXpUExsaqudgld4 C/dxbCXnnLiCp8G7hq1uG06ZiGLB0M53HP0owp5CWblzN30N0ptsPf+7ZS3E /xBa6/93y/6fGvneLCoBq2snlGNDr1ESqLIYkAbVzDQIwUGeIgPewwdPu102 ibI4fh6eht753LZ3A6eAYVXnhBWKOtyVHkAf7QiQbBxsuf4Xtlo5+b+Jtf+/ WeP/JkY5//tAfchO/IWJc8h5c6KwEtVD0dPRAJSYpCoeYAaXS/0B9gfOPkP+ EgruFSYmw65sNcbBmO2BGK1HKU1pLzchgx5XM7lzFQN3e0wdUFfOvfGF26si KXc/Hz1i8lO3/1pv/8vXf9H4T1q1/2/T/F9JxvyJUo3DcZClNxwhhVjlWY3b wh1N+kWkf+6+avhH4sR94R0rCMfNvIMvhbMCMudNfa/OLy7OG0Sdpng2Uj9K 8Ec8Hp8yoVZypCME9Fm0Pefl6URBUVdPwVwtivthiE7VV6u+NnjqMIQ3In1Z wtTt6/L0SPdJ7aSJG/ff/hdBAiJk4sot1n9otkr4b1m1/X87/P929X8/qu4v ysHgMBj0TXfocfdsMEwY96QrfWD8K/j8tSoCry8DV1p0/NXPahWpWjVy5cDr +2X7yA/HKKIV64hj45h78ImKj3n4/eHRySGKzIrFSt3BPmV8iVGm0v2BXSfw fM7YEtEjEoncNv+3cBn/TYpr/N84/gs2DiPWUPvRWy70I1TZj30FxIOqjp28 L2DljYrmv1GoSEpDMBnGosuWERbHJA6289UOUngOg25MTceyIYSY+RBB3BfQ 0FysJSSE2k4+uHh5L5P/T8RwzIeyO/60FGCt/G/SMv43a/zfLP6X7GY6Jq4d hRE0zdOhcV0N+JvIBsigktfZAJvA/zHZMv5TUsZ/i9T6/x3x/wOWB/KUt5Xs SlsOsVt0zqX7UQQJQ0mS7C8T+xVilrE6hbVU/e+fT/qMuxHzGuUyjh+Yseng vIN/kRuvLjhhXCcS8EtoDtZ+Fvb5m+NxEPUff27VImO+9fxfAxtl/59l0Lr+ 20bGTLInGKMOIru7FO0ia3eXoMu/L/9BV79dvVMvl39dvr/88+oPmCtNXb27 +h010OW/V7/Ojl2+r7KJO3YJJw1KTIcUCUUGlNAKaAhMf0gHhImEeb58elyR SrwyGNEwdLuRFVIL82LtgiQQnrDo8rteStCyMB7HXsgwvlmakGOvzBOCQ3ev pWA97tFIZMCn243/MFqWUY7/UAJgTf837P+ZBlM27D3p9t1ANDwuugWlKev2 nfbmzgmHR6j98MH65egAIaQILDhTO4qAGTb8o5Q/fOAL6DSC2mjnGXoRSsZP meih169f7+xk3ledbeoJOPhkISYS/oMrdxAU+Rp49hpPlIb4JU6oItVPHymN 9ejKtPIMxg7cKhdHkrWVRuiROjndDgSsTruN53LojNtRB8tM/JSwaYcs+cbl vRHzvmWuByFmCHGW+HoOZb10EWjdAY/VzOLBrFW9Xn+ixNeXPJaxO/oFDrfR wcHenvo9WMu7dMVVdbN0p6UOA5SFr38kZhCQqPt0dLP5WQd4HupO7Y/TNuyz PUkNho8Q6OAw5CQAdleAiuzr0zsEkIFQJhQ4wXBgIwQ++PkW6yuqP0GeSDfY aNr7xLL2FXeHa2UX6qhFs0hkiNBTHLC981McKlUDyUgEXIHXDoDXSsBSl1K7 rWG9MwsDUDPpp9TPLMEe4ulTDtCZena8T+mN2fvKGkDmZlj7BVPo529Z/yd4 0f5X6//3yP9XZenr9aVnGjkCnIHcAEx5I5+PSUhGJhVWjLW5r2Dao8So8Oxd Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 47] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 q8cTWBGCsu0A16U/6lGPenzm4z/w/fIfAPAAAA== -- END MESSAGE ARCHIVE -- Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 48] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Authors' Addresses Robert J. Sparks (editor) Estacado Systems Email: RjS@estacado.net Alan Hawrylyshen Ditech Communications Corp. 602 - 11 Ave SW Suite 310 Calgary, Alberta T2R 1J8 Canada Phone: +1 403 561 7313 Email: ahawrylyshen@ditechcom.com Alan Johnston Tello Corporation 999 Baker Way, Suite 250 San Mateo, CA 94404 Email: ajohnston@tello.com Jonathan Rosenberg Cisco Systems 600 Lanidex Plaza Parsippany, NJ 07052 Phone: +1 973 952 5000 Email: jdrosen@cisco.com URI: http://www.jdrosen.net Henning Schulzrinne Columbia University Department of Computer Science 450 Computer Science Building New York, NY 10027 US Phone: +1 212 939 7042 Email: hgs@cs.columbia.edu URI: http://www.cs.columbia.edu Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 49] Internet-Draft SIP Torture Tests October 2005 Intellectual Property Statement The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. 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Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. Sparks, et al. Expires April 26, 2006 [Page 50]